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Whaling in New Zealand dates back to the late 18th century, and ended in 1964 since it was no longer economic. Nineteenth century whaling was based on the southern right whale, and 20th century whaling on the humpback whale. There is now an established industry for whale watching based in the South Island town of Kaikoura. ==History== The Māori, who were the first to settle in New Zealand, appear to have hunted whales rarely, but did eat stranded whales.〔(Jock Phillips. 'ing', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 4-Feb-13 )〕 The earliest association of whaling with New Zealand is from December 1791,〔(Jock Phillips. 'Whaling - Ship-based whaling', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 13-Jul-12 )〕 when the whaleship ''William and Ann'' called in at Doubtless Bay during a whaling voyage of the Pacific. It is not recorded if any whales were actually caught in what are New Zealand waters.〔('Early Whaling Operations', from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, originally published in 1966. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 23-Apr-09 )〕 The ''Britannia'' arrived about the same time. Both were whalers that had dropped convicts at Sydney. In the early 19th century, Kororareka (now called Russell) was a supply port for whaling and sealing ships, and developed a wild reputation being called the ''Hellhole of the Pacific'' by Charles Darwin who did not like his time in New Zealand. Other early whaling ships were the ''Foxhound'', a London whaler, in 1827 and the ''Waterloo'', which operated between Cloudy Bay and Sydney from 1829, taking 3 cargoes per year and returning with supplies and trade goods to exchange for flax. By the 1830s most whaling, apart from American ships, was done from shore bases with mixed crews of Maori and European sailors. In the first half of the 19th century, almost a hundred small shore stations were established - in the South Island at Te Awaiti and Preservation Inlet and later at Stewart Island, Otago, Timaru and Kaikoura and Cloudy Bay. On Banks Peninsula the first shore was at Little Port Cooper in 1836 and by 1842 there were a total of five stations,〔Prickett, N. 2002 "The Archaeology of New Zealand Shore Whaling", Wellington, Department of Conservation.〕including Oashore Bay, Ikoraki and Peraki. North of Wellington, there were three whaling stations at Porirua, and five on Kapiti Island. Further north there were also shore stations at New Plymouth and Great Barrier Island. 〔('Shore Stations', from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, originally published in 1966. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 23-Apr-09 )〕 However, by 1840 the whale numbers had declined to the point that little money was to be made, and in 1844 the last of the early onshore stations closed. A later shore station, Perano's of Tory Channel, Cook Strait caught 4200 whales (mainly humpback〔(DoC - humpback whale facts )〕) between 1911 and 1964, when the last whale was caught in New Zealand waters.〔(''Biological Interests at a Whaling Station'' (1948) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Whaling in New Zealand」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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